Ukuqonda Umahluko phakathi kweCarbon Steel kunye neAlloy Steel

Inkcazo yeCarbon Steel kunye ne-Alloy Steel

 

Isinyithi, njengoko sonke sisazi, ligama eliqhelekileyo le-iron-carbon alloys. Intsimbi yeCarbon (efinyeziweyo njengentsimbi ye-carbon) yintsimbi ye-iron-carbon alloy kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphantsi kwe-2.11%. Ekubunjweni kwayo kweekhemikhali, ngaphezu kwentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni, kukho ukungcola okulinganiselweyo okufana ne-silicon, i-manganese, i-phosphorus, kunye nesulfure, kwaye akuyi kubakho ezinye izinto ezidibeneyo.

 

Imveliso ye-carbon steel akhawunti malunga ne-80% yemveliso yensimbi epheleleyo, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakheni, iibhulorho, izithuthi, iinqanawa, ukuveliswa koomatshini, imboni, i-petrochemicals, uphuhliso lwaselwandle kunye nezinye iindawo.

 

Intsimbi ye-alloy yintsimbi enento enye okanye ngaphezulu edityanisiweyo kwintsimbi ye-carbon, njenge-chromium, i-nickel, i-tungsten, i-titanium, i-vanadium, i-manganese, ubhedu, i-aluminiyam, i-molybdenum, njl., ukwenzela ukwandisa iimpawu ezithile zentsimbi. Ezi zinto zeekhemikhali zongezwa kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo / ukudibanisa ukunika izinto eziphathekayo iziphumo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokwandisa ubunzima, ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukuqinisa amandla, ukuphucula ukubunjwa, ukutshintsha i-weldability, njl.

 

Imveliso ye-alloy steel akhawunti malunga ne-20% yemveliso yensimbi epheleleyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokuveliswa koomatshini, i-petrochemicals, ukwakhiwa, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, izixhobo zonyango, iifayili zokwenziwa, ukuthutha, njl.

 

 

Ukwahlulahlula kweCarbon Steel kunye neAlloy Steel

• Ukwahlulahlula kwe-carbon steel

Ngokutsho komxholo wekhabhoni, inokwahlulwa ibe: intsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ephakathi kwekhabhoni, insimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni; Ukuphakama komxholo wekhabhoni, ukuphakama kobunzima kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina.

 

Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi: umxholo wekhabhoni C%≤0.25%. Iintsimbi zekhabhoni eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza izibophelelo ziquka intsimbi ye-A3, intsimbi ye-Q215A, insimbi ye-Q235, i-20 # intsimbi, i-22 # intsimbi, njl.

Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi: umxholo wekhabhoni 0.25%＜C%≤0.45%. Iintsimbi zekhabhoni eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-fasteners ziquka i-35 # intsimbi, i-45 # intsimbi, njl.

Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu: i-carbon content C% ~0.45%, i-carbon steel high ayisetyenziselwanga ukwenza i-fasteners kwimarike, ngenxa yekhabhoni ephezulu, i-hard and brittle material, kulula ukuphuka.

 

• Ukuhlelwa kwentsimbi ye-alloy

Ngokomxholo opheleleyo wezinto ze-alloy, zihlulwe zibe: intsimbi ephantsi, insimbi ye-alloy ephakathi, intsimbi ephezulu ye-alloy, enomxholo ohlukeneyo we-alloy kunye nokubunjwa, kunye nokusebenza okuhlukeneyo.

 

Insimbi ye-alloy ephantsi: umxholo we-alloy iyonke ≤5%;

Intsimbi ye-alloy ephakathi: 5%＜totali yomxholo wealloy ≤10%

Intsimbi ye-alloy ephezulu: umxholo we-alloy＞10%.

 

Iintsimbi eziqhelekileyo ze-alloy ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-fasteners ziquka: 30CrMo, 40Cr, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, njl.

 

Iimpawu zeCarbon Steel kunye ne-Alloy Steel

• Iimpawu zentsimbi ye-carbon

Ukusebenza kwe-carbon steel kuxhomekeke kumxholo wekhabhoni. Ukuphakama komxholo wekhabhoni, amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina, kunye neplastiki ephantsi, ukuqina kunye ne-weldability.

 

Izinto eziluncedo: iplastiki elungileyo kunye ne-weldability; ixabiso eliphantsi, kulula ukunyibilika; itekhnoloji yokucubungula kakuhle; ukusebenza kunokuphuculwa ngokulungelelanisa umxholo wekhabhoni okanye ukutshintsha indlela yokucubungula;

 

Izinto ezingeloncedo: ukomelela kancinci; ukungaqini kakuhle; ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi ngokwaneleyo; ukuxhathisa okuphantsi kwe-corrosion; conductivity magnetic ephantsi; kulula ukwenziwa nguzibuthe kumhlaba wemagnethi.

 

• Iimpawu zentsimbi ye-alloy

Izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-alloy zongezwa zineempawu ezahlukeneyo.

 

Izinto eziluncedo: ukusebenza kakuhle okubanzi; ifumaneka ngeenjongo ezizodwa; amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu; ukuqina okuhle, akukho lula ukuguqula kunye nokuqhekeka; ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, ukuxhathisa kwi-corrosion, ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, non-magnetic, njl.;

 

Ukungalungi: kuyabiza; ukubumba okunzima ngakumbi kunye neenkqubo zonyango lobushushu.

 

Ukusetyenziswa kweCarbon Steel kunye ne-alloy Steel

• Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ye-carbon

 

Intsimbi yeCarbon ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo zokwakha, izikhongozeli, iibhokisi, imizimba yeziko kunye noomatshini bezolimo, iinxalenye ezincinci ezithwele umthwalo, iiwasha, izikhonkwane zecotter, iintonga zokubopha, izitampu kunye neendawo ezidityanisiweyo, njl.

 

Intsimbi yekhabhoni esetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqhoboshi

 

Intsimbi ye-Q215A ifanelekile kwi-washers yokuvelisa;

 

Intsimbi ye-Q235 ifanelekile kwimveliso yeebholiti, iinati, imikhono ye-screw, izikhonkwane ze-cotter, ii-rivets, njl.

 

I-35 # intsimbi kunye ne-45 # intsimbi yezakhiwo zentsimbi ye-carbon ephezulu, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza iibholiti ze-8.8-grade, i-8-grade nuts kunye ne-8.8-grade fasteners ye-hexagon.

 

• Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ye-alloy

 

Intsimbi yealloy ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iinxalenye zezithuthi zothutho ezinjengeemoto, iinqanawa kunye neenqwelomoya; iinxalenye zezixhobo zoomatshini, iirokethi, imijukujelwa, njl. kunye nokuvelisa iibheringi ezahlukeneyo zokuqengqeleka, izixhobo zokusika, izixhobo zokulinganisa, imithombo, iimbumba ezishushu nezibandayo, ukubumba okuqengqelekayo, imithombo, izixhobo, njl.

 

Isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, ukumelana nobushushu kunye neendawo ezichasene ne-corrosion, ezifana nee-injini zomphunga, iibhoyila, izixhobo zekhemikhali, njl.

 

Intsimbi yealloyi esetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqhoboshi

 

Eyona nto isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-bolts ephezulu yamandla kunye namantongomane, njengezinto ze-10.9 zebakala ziquka i-30CrMo kunye ne-40Cr; Izinto ze-12.9 zebakala zibandakanya: 35CrMo, 42CrMo, njl.

 

I-30CrMo isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iibholiti kunye nezikhonkwane phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu; iziqhoboshi ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu (ngaphantsi kwama-450℃) okusingqongileyo okufana nee turbines zomphunga kunye neebhoyila; iiflange kunye namantongomane asetyenziswa kubushushu obuphezulu (ngaphantsi kwama-500 ℃) kwiindawo zoxinzelelo;

 

I-40Cr ifanelekile kwimveliso ye-screw sleeves, izikhonkwane, i-screws yentonga yokudibanisa, amantongomane, njl.;

 

I-35CrMo isoloko isetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqhoboshi ezohlukeneyo phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu, njengeziqhoboshi zeejenereyitha zeinjini yomphunga; iziqhoboshi ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kubushushu obuphezulu (ngaphantsi kwama-480℃) kubume bemeko efana nezibiyeli;

 

I-42CrMo ilungele ukwenza iziqhoboshi ezifuna amandla aphezulu kune-35CrMo.

 

Ukuqwalasela iimpawu ze-carbon steel kunye ne-alloy steel, xa ukhetha izinto zokudibanisa, i-carbon steel inokunikezelwa kuqala kwisiseko sokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa; ukuba iinkcukacha zikhulu, imilo inzima ngakumbi, kwaye amandla kunye neemfuno ezichanekileyo ziphezulu, okanye kukho iimfuno zobunzima obushushu kunye nezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe insimbi ye-alloy.

 

Emva kokufunda oku, ngaba unokwahlula phakathi kwe-carbon steel kunye ne-alloy steel?

 

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