I-Carbon Steel vs Steel Stainless: Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa
Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni imathiriyeli yezicelo ezahlukeneyo, ezimbini zesinyithi ezithathwa njengentsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi engenasici. Zombini zineempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zilungele iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa nazo zineentlukwano ezahlukileyo ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa ukungafani okuphambili phakathi kwe-carbon steel kunye nensimbi engenasici, ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kwimbonakalo, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukumelana nokunxiba, ixabiso kunye ne-ductility.
Imbonakalo
Intsimbi yeCarbon ine-matte okanye i-bull finish, enokuthi ihluke kwi-silver-gray ukuya kwi-gray emnyama ngokuxhomekeke kumxholo we-alloy kunye nonyango lwangaphezulu. Ithambekele kwi-oxidation xa ibonakaliswe kumswakama, ekhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-rust, enokuthi ichaphazele isibheno sayo sobuhle ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Intsimbi engatyiwayo, kwelinye icala, inobuso obukhazimlayo, obubonakalayo obunganyangekiyo ekungcolisweni nasekungcoleni. Oku kuyenza inqweneleke kakhulu kwizicelo apho kufuneka inkangeleko ecocekileyo, ekhazimlisiweyo, efana nekhitshi, izixhobo zezakhiwo, kunye nezinto zokuhombisa.
Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa
Enye yeengxaki eziphambili zekhabhoni yensimbi kukuchaphazeleka kwayo kwi-corrosion. Xa ibonakaliswe kumswakama kunye nomoya, i-carbon steel inokukhawuleza i-oxidize, yenze i-rust. Oku akuchaphazeli nje ukubonakala kwezinto eziphathekayo kodwa kunokunciphisa ingqibelelo yayo yesakhiwo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Intsimbi engatyiwayo idume ngokugqwesa kwayo kokungadleki, ngenxa yobukho bechromium ekuqulunqweni kwayo kwealloyi. I-chromium yenza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo kumphezulu wentsimbi, othintela i-oxidation eyongezelelweyo kunye nokubola. Oku kwenza intsimbi engenastainless ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwindawo apho ukuvezwa kokufuma, iikhemikhali, okanye ezinye izinto ezidlekayo zixhaphakile.
Nxiba ukuxhathisa
Intsimbi yeCarbon ngokubanzi inika ukuxhathisa okungcono kokunxiba xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi engenasici, ngakumbi kumabakala aphezulu. Oku kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lukhethwayo lwezicelo ezifuna ukuqina kunye namandla, njengezixhobo, iinxalenye zoomatshini, kunye nezixhobo zesakhiwo.
Ngelixa intsimbi engatyiwayo iyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, iqhelekile ukuba nokumelana nokunxiba okusezantsi xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi yekhabhoni. Nangona kunjalo, amabakala athile ensimbi engenasici, afana ne-martensitic kunye ne-precipitation-hardening steels-stainless steels, inokuthi iphathwe ukushisa ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokugqoka, okwenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezithile.
Ixabiso
Intsimbi yekhabhoni ngokuqhelekileyo ifikeleleka ngakumbi kunentsimbi engenasici. Ixabiso layo eliphantsi lenza ukuba libe lukhetho oludumileyo kwizicelo ezininzi zamashishini kunye nezokwakha apho imiqobo yebhajethi iqwalaselwa.
Insimbi engenasici ngokuqhelekileyo ibiza kakhulu ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu we-alloy kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibandakanyekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa kwayo okuphezulu kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kunokuthethelela iindleko eziphezulu zokuqala, ngakumbi kwizicelo apho iindleko zokugcina kunye nokubuyisela zibalulekile.
I-Ductility
Insimbi engenasici ine-ductile eninzi kune-carbon steel, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba insimbi engenasici inomxholo ophezulu we-nickel, kwaye ezi zinto ziphinde zibe ne-ductile, ngoko ke insimbi engenasici iya kuba yi-ductile. Intsimbi yeCarbon iqulethe i-nickel encinci, enokungahoywa ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa ine-ductility engalunganga.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nensimbi engenasici inesiseko esifanayo sokwakheka kwentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni. Umahluko wabo oyintloko ngumxholo we-alloy - i-carbon steel inomxholo we-alloy ongaphantsi kwe-10.5%, ngelixa isinyithi esingenasici kufuneka sibe ne-10.5% okanye ngaphezulu kwe-chromium. Lo mahluko uyimfuneko sisizathu sokuba i-carbon steel kunye nentsimbi engenasici zineempawu ezizodwa.
Izinto ezisisiseko zentsimbi ziyintsimbi kunye nekhabhoni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intsimbi enomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni ilukhuni kwaye i-brittle, ngelixa intsimbi enomxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni i-ductile kwaye inzima. Kakade ke, kunqabile ukuba kube lula ngolo hlobo. Izinto ze-alloying ezifana ne-chromium, i-molybdenum, i-nickel, i-manganese, okanye i-silicon inokongezwa ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola okanye ukufezekisa ukulingana okungcono phakathi kwamandla kunye nokuqina.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni
Intsimbi yeCarbon iqukethe isinyithi kunye ne-0.12 - 2.00% carbon. Inkcazo ebanzi ibandakanya iintsimbi ze-alloy, ezinokuthi zibe neziqulatho ze-alloy eziphezulu njenge-10.5%. Nokuba ngaphakathi kuluhlu olungaphantsi kweepesenti ezimbini zeepesenti zekhabhoni, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwiimpawu zomzimba, ngakumbi ubunzima.
Xa abantu bethetha nge-carbon steel, ngokuqhelekileyo babhekisela kwiintsimbi eziphezulu zekhabhoni ezisetyenziselwa iimela kunye nezixhobo. Iintsimbi eziphezulu zekhabhoni zinzima kakhulu, okwenza ukuba zilungele kakhulu ukuchasana nokugqoka kunye nokugcina imilo yazo. Banokumelana namandla amakhulu ngaphambi kokuba bakhubazeke. Ngelishwa, iintsimbi eziqinileyo zikwanokonakala: xa zibekwe phantsi koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, iintsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephezulu kunokwenzeka ukuba ziqhekeke kunokuba zigobe.
Iintsimbi ezithambileyo zixhaphake kakhulu kuneentsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephezulu ngenxa yokuba (1) azibizi mali ininzi ukuzivelisa, (2) zineentsinjana ezininzi, yaye (3) kulula ukuzivelisa. Iintsimbi ezithambileyo zikholisa ukonakala kunokuba ziqhekeke phantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye le ductility ibenza kube lula ukwenza umatshini kunye nokuweld. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiipaneli zomzimba weemoto, iibholiti, iiclamp, kunye neepleyiti zentsimbi.
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
Insimbi engenasici iqulethe i-iron, i-carbon, kunye ne-10.5% ubuncinane be-chromium content. I-Chromium ingundoqo-idibana neoksijini ukuze yenze umaleko okhuselayo okhusela intsimbi ekudlekeni. Olu khuselo lunciphisa amathuba okuba insimbi engenasici iya kuhlwa-ibalulekile kwifenitshala yangaphandle eya kufakwa kwiindawo ezimanzi. Okukhona uphezulu umxholo wechromium, kokukhona uxhathisa ukudleka ngcono. Xa uthenga izixhobo kunye nezinye izinto ezinkulu, hlala ubeke ingqalelo kwibakala lensimbi engenasici. Ayizizo zonke iintsimbi ezenziwe ngokulinganayo. Insimbi engenasici enobuncinci be-10.5% umxholo wechromium inexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kwaye ayinakuhlala ixesha elide kunentsimbi engenasici ene-16% yechromium, kwaye umahluko uya kubonakaliswa kwiindleko zokugcinwa kunye nobomi.
Enkosi ngokufunda, ukuba ufuna ukubona ngaphezulu koko sinokukunika ungalandela ezi linki zingezantsi!